VC2S4U10

forces, including frictional, gravitational, electrostatic and magnetic, can be exerted by one object on another through direct contact or from a distance and affect the motion (speed and direction) of objects

• investigating different forces, for example the effect of magnets on other magnets and how a magnet does not need to touch an object for the magnetic forces to pull the object, or observing how the pushing force of a liquid enables some objects to float
• exploring the positive and negative effects of friction on everyday experiences, such as how friction causes objects to slow down and perhaps stop, for example examining shoe-sole design and identifying patterns in sole design and use related to friction
• recognising that gravity is the force that pulls all objects towards the centre of Earth and that gravitational force acts on an object regardless of whether it is moving or not moving
• watching a video of astronauts walking on the Moon or dropping objects on the Moon’s surface, and discussing the forces that are acting
• investigating the effect of forces on the movement of objects in Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ traditional toys and games, for example seeing who can kick a ball made from possum fur or similar materials the highest through direct contact forces after the ball is dropped onto the foot using non-contact gravitational force (as in the game marngrook, which was played in western Victoria) and hitting a ball through direct contact with a bat crafted from a stick on a beach where the frictional force from the sand impacts the speed of the ball (as in the game kokan played by the Mabuiag People)
• exploring how force arrows can be used to represent the direction and magnitude of forces acting on an object