VC2M3N04

add and subtract two- and three-digit numbers using place value to partition, rearrange and regroup numbers to assist in calculations without a calculator

• using partitioning and part-part-whole models and the inverse relationship between addition and subtraction to solve addition or subtraction problems, making informal written ‘jottings’ to keep track of the numbers if necessary
• using physical or virtual grouped materials or diagrams to make proportional models of numbers to assist in calculations, for example, to calculate 214 + 325, representing 214 as 2 groups of 100, one group of 10 and 4 ones and 325 as 3 groups of 100, 2 groups of 10 and 5 ones, resulting in 5 groups of 100, 3 groups of 10 and 9 ones, which is 539
• choosing between standard and non-standard place value partitions to assist with calculations, for example, to solve 485 + 365, thinking of 365 as 350 + 15, then adding the parts, 485 + 15 = 500, 500 + 350 = 850
• solving subtraction problems efficiently by adding or subtracting a constant amount to both numbers to create an easier calculation; for example, 534 − 395, adding 5 to both numbers to make 539 − 400 = 139
• justifying choices about partitioning and regrouping numbers in terms of their usefulness for particular calculations when solving problems
• applying knowledge of place value to assist in calculations when solving problems involving larger numbers; for example, calculating the total crowd numbers for an agricultural show that lasts a week